The future of technology

Disadvantage of Ring Topology Failure of one computer can affect the total network Difficult to troubleshoot Adding or removing Computers disrupts the network A ring network requires more cable than a bus network. Star Topology In this type of topology all the computers are connected to a central device called a “hub" which may be a hub, a router or a switch. . This hub/switch is the central node and all other nodes are connected to the central node. The computers present in star topology cannot have a direct relation with each other. They have to be linked via hub. The minimum distance between node and hub is 100 meter. Advantages of Star Topology It is easy to prepare and connect. Failure of one computer does not affect the other. More nodes can be connected in it with it, propagation delay does not increase. It is easier to find faults in networks. Easy to troubleshoot. Easy to set up and modify. Disadvantage of Star Topology Failure of hub results in failure of

MULTI-TASKING/TIME-SHARING OPERATING SYSTEMS Time-sharing operating system enables people located at a different terminal(shell) to use a single computer system at the same time. The processor time (CPU) which is shared among. Multiple users are termed as time sharing. Real Time OS A real time operating system time interval to the process and response to inputs is very small. Examples: Military Software Systems, Space Software Systems are the Real time OS example. NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM Network Operating System runs on a server. It provides the capability to serve to manage data,user, groups, security, application, and other networking functions. MOBILE OS Mobile operating systems are those OS which are especially designed to power smartphones, tablets, and wearables devices. Some most famous mobile operating systems are Android and iOS, but others include BlackBerry,Web, and watchOs. FUNCTION OF OPERATING SYSTEM Process management:- Process management helps the OS to create an

Physical Layer The physical layer is the first layer that is responsible for the physical cable or wires connection between the network nodes.It defines the connector of the electrical cable ir wireless technology connecting the devices and it is responsible for the transmission of the raw data which is simply a series of the OS and 1s while taking care of a bit rate control. Data Link Layer The data link layer is the second layer that is responsible for establishing and terminating connections between two of the physically connected nodes on a network. It breaks up the packages into frames and sends them from the source of the destination. This layer is composed of two parts which are as follows: Logical Link Control that is used to identify network protocols that performs error checking and synchronized frames and Media Access Control that allows the connected devices to use MAC address to connect devices and define permissions to transmit and receive the data. Network layer T